–ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞: —Å–∞—Ñ–∞—Ä–∏ –Ω–∞¬†–∂–∞—Ä–∫–æ–º¬†–∫–æ–Ω—Ç–∏–Ω–µ–Ω—Ç–µ

–°–∞—Ñ–∞—Ä–∏ –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç —Å–æ–±–æ–π –æ–¥–∏–Ω –∏–∑ —Å–∞–º—ã—Ö —É–≤–ª–µ–∫–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã—Ö –≤–∏–¥–æ–≤ —Ç—É—Ä–∏–∑–º–∞, –ø–æ—É—á–∞—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –≤ –û–ê–≠, –ï–≥–∏–ø—Ç–µ –∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö —Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–∞—Ö. –ù–æ –Ω–∞–∏–±–æ–ª–µ–µ —ç–∫—Å—Ç—Ä–µ–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ —Å–∞—Ñ–∞—Ä–∏ –Ω–∞ –¥–∏–∫–∏—Ö –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö –≤ –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–µ, –≥–¥–µ –≤–ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–µ –±—ã–ª –æ—Ç–∫—Ä—ã—Ç –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –≤–∏–¥ –æ—Ö–æ—Ç—ã.

–í –Ω–∞—Å—Ç–æ—è—â–µ–µ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è —Å–∞—Ñ–∞—Ä–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –≤ –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–Ω–æ–º –∫–∞–∫ –º–∏—Ä–Ω—ã–µ —ç–∫—Å–∫—É—Ä—Å–∏–∏ –≤ –º–∏—Ä –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö, –Ω–æ —Ç—É—Ä–∏—Å—Ç—ã –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–µ—Ö–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞ –∂–∞—Ä–∫–∏–π –∫–æ–Ω—Ç–∏–Ω–µ–Ω—Ç —Å —Ü–µ–ª—å—é –ø–æ–æ—Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –Ω–∞ –¥–∏–∫–∏—Ö –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö.

–ë–µ—Å–∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ—Ä—ã —Å–∞–≤–∞–Ω–Ω –Ω–∞—Ü–∏–æ–Ω–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã—Ö –ø–∞—Ä–∫–æ–≤ –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∞—é—Ç—Å—è —É–Ω–∏–∫–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–π –∞—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞–Ω—Å–∫–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–¥–æ–π, –≥–¥–µ –≤–ª–∞—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—Ç —Å–∞–º—ã–µ –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω—ã–µ –∏ —Ö–∏—â–Ω—ã–µ –¥–∏–∫–∏–µ –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã–µ. –¢–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∑–¥–µ—Å—å –≤ –µ—Å—Ç–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —É—Å–ª–æ–≤–∏—è—Ö –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —É–≤–∏–¥–µ—Ç—å –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª–µ–π ¬´–±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–π –ø—è—Ç—ë—Ä–∫–∏¬ª, –≤ —Å–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –≤—Ö–æ–¥—è—Ç —Å–ª–æ–Ω, –Ω–æ—Å–æ—Ä–æ–≥, –ª–µ–≤, –±—É–π–≤–æ–ª, –ª–µ–æ–ø–∞—Ä–¥. –°–æ—Ç–Ω–∏ –≤–∏–¥–æ–≤ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö, –ø—Ç–∏—Ü –∏ —Ä–∞—Å—Ç–µ–Ω–∏–π –Ω–∞—Å–µ–ª—è—é—Ç —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏—Ä–æ–¥–Ω—ã–π –º–∏—Ä, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å–≤–æ–∏–º–∏ –∑–∞–∫–æ–Ω–∞–º–∏.

–°–∞—Ñ–∞—Ä–∏ –≤ –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–µ –∏–∑–¥–∞–≤–Ω–∞ —Å–ª–∞–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –æ—Å—Ç—Ä—ã–º–∏ –æ—â—É—â–µ–Ω–∏—è–º–∏, —ç–∫—Å—Ç—Ä–µ–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º–∏ —Å–∏—Ç—É–∞—Ü–∏—è–º–∏ –∏ –∏—Å–ø—ã—Ç–∞–Ω–∏–µ–º –æ—Ö–æ—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ—Å—Å–∏–æ–Ω–∞–ª–∏–∑–º. –û—Ö–æ—Ç–∞ –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –æ—Ç–Ω–æ—Å–∏–ª–∞—Å—å –∫ —Ä–∏—Å–∫–æ–≤—ã–º —É–≤–ª–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è–º, –Ω–æ –≤ —Å–∞–≤–∞–Ω–Ω–∞—Ö –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∏ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ –æ–±–ª–∞–¥–∞—Ç—å –æ—Å–æ–±–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º –º—É–∂–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ–º –∏ —Å–º–µ–ª–æ—Å—Ç—å—é, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–¥–∞—á–Ω–æ –ø–æ–æ—Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –∏ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—Ç–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –∂–µ–ª–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º —Ç—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ–µ–º.

–û—Ö–æ—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞ –¥–∏–∫–∏—Ö –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö —Å—Ç–æ–∏—Ç –¥–æ—Ä–æ–∂–µ, —á–µ–º —ç–∫—Å–∫—É—Ä—Å–∏–∏. –ó–∞ –¥–æ–±—ã—á—É –º–µ–ª–∫–æ–≥–æ –∑–≤–µ—Ä—å–∫–∞ –Ω–µ–æ–±—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º–æ –∑–∞–ø–ª–∞—Ç–∏—Ç—å –æ—Ç 150 –¥–æ–ª–ª–∞—Ä–æ–≤, –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –∫—Ä—É–ø–Ω—ã–µ –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã–µ —Å—Ç–æ—è—Ç –¥–æ –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–∏—Ö –¥–µ—Å—è—Ç–∫–æ–≤ —Ç—ã—Å—è—á. –ü—Ä–∏ –≤—ã–≤–æ–∑–µ –æ—Ö–æ—Ç–Ω–∏—á—å–µ–≥–æ —Ç—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ –æ—Ç –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö –≤–ª–∞—Å—Ç–µ–π.

–¢—É—Ä—ã —Å —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–∏–µ–º –≤ —Å–∞—Ñ–∞—Ä–∏ –≤ –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–µ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∏—Ç—å –≤ –Æ–ê–†, –ù–∞–º–∏–±–∏—é, –ó–∞–º–±–∏—é, –ó–∏–º–±–∞–±–≤–µ, –ú–æ–∑–∞–º–±–∏–∫, –ö–∞–º–µ—Ä—É–Ω, –ö–µ–Ω–∏—é, –¢–∞–Ω–∑–∞–Ω–∏—é. –û—Ö–æ—Ç–∞ –∏–ª–∏ —ç–∫—Å–∫—É—Ä—Å–∏—è –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Å—Ç–∞—Ç—å –Ω–µ–±–µ–∑–æ–ø–∞—Å–Ω–æ–π. –î–µ—Ç–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –ø–æ–¥—Ä–æ–±–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –∏ –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–π –æ–±—ä—ë–º –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –ø–æ–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —É—Å–ª—É–≥–∞ –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω–æ–≥–æ –≥–∏–¥–∞-–ø—Ä–æ—Ñ–µ—Å—Å–∏–æ–Ω–∞–ª–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –æ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º–∏—Ç —Å–æ –≤—Å–µ–º–∏ –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω—ã–º–∏ –¥–æ—Å—Ç–æ–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—á–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—è–º–∏ –∏ –ø–æ–≤–∞–¥–∫–∞–º–∏ –∂–∏–≤–æ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö.

–í–µ–ª–∏–∫–∞—è —Ä–∏—Ñ—Ç–æ–≤–∞—è –¥–æ–ª–∏–Ω–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –ë–æ–ª—å—à–æ–π –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞–Ω—Å–∫–∏–π –†–∞–∑–ª–æ–º ‚Äî –æ–¥–Ω–æ –∏–∑ —Å–∞–º—ã—Ö –≤–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–ª—è—é—â–∏—Ö –º–µ—Å—Ç –Ω–∞ –ó–µ–º–ª–µ, –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–≤–∞–≤—à–µ–µ—Å—è –≤ —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç–µ —Ç–µ–∫—Ç–æ–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ –¥–≤–∏–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è –∑–µ–º–Ω—ã—Ö –ø–ª–∏—Ç –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –º–∏–ª–ª–∏–æ–Ω–æ–≤ –ª–µ—Ç –Ω–∞–∑–∞–¥. –î–æ–ª–∏–Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ—Ç—è–Ω—É–ª–∞—Å—å –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —á–µ–º –Ω–∞ 6000 –∫–∏–ª–æ–º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–≤ –æ—Ç –ú—ë—Ä—Ç–≤–æ–≥–æ –º–æ—Ä—è –≤ –ò–æ—Ä–¥–∞–Ω–∏–∏ –¥–æ –ú–æ–∑–∞–º–±–∏–∫–∞. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–∞–º–∞—è –ø—Ä–æ—Ç—è–∂—ë–Ω–Ω–∞—è ‚Äú—Ç—Ä–µ—â–∏–Ω–∞‚Äù –ø–ª–∞–Ω–µ—Ç—ã, –≥–¥–µ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –≥–ª—É–±–æ—á–∞–π—à–∞—è –≤–ø–∞–¥–∏–Ω–∞, –∞ –Ω–∞ –µ—ë –≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ü–∞—Ö –≤–∑–¥—ã–º–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –≤—ã—Å–æ—á–∞–π—à–∏–µ –≤ –º–∏—Ä–µ –≤—É–ª–∫–∞–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–µ –≥–æ—Ä—ã. –î–æ–ª–∏–Ω–∞ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –∫–æ–ª–æ—Å—Å–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ –º–∞—Å—à—Ç–∞–±—ã. –®–∏—Ä–∏–Ω–∞ –¥–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–æ 100 –∫–∏–ª–æ–º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–≤, –≤—ã—Å–æ—Ç–∞ –æ—Ç–≤–µ—Å–Ω—ã—Ö —Å—Ç–µ–Ω ‚Äî –æ—Ç 450 –¥–æ 800 –º–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–≤. –°–ª–æ–≤–æ ‚Äú–¥–æ–ª–∏–Ω–∞‚Äù –Ω–µ —Å–æ–≤—Å–µ–º –ø–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–ª—è –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞–Ω—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ —Ä–∞–∑–ª–æ–º–∞, –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –≤–æ –º–Ω–æ–≥–∏—Ö –º–µ—Å—Ç–∞—Ö –æ–Ω –ø–µ—Ä–µ–≥–æ—Ä–æ–∂–µ–Ω –≥–æ—Ä–∞–º–∏ –∏ –ø–ª–æ—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ—Ä—å—è–º–∏, –∞ –≤ —é–∂–Ω–æ–π –≠—Ñ–∏–æ–ø–∏–∏ –¥–∞–∂–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞ –¥–≤–∞ —Ä—É–∫–∞–≤–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω—è—é—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –≤ —Ä–∞–π–æ–Ω–µ –æ–∑–µ—Ä–∞ –í–∏–∫—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è, –Ω–∞ –≥—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ü–µ –º–µ–∂–¥—É –¢–∞–Ω–∑–∞–Ω–∏–µ–π –∏ –£–≥–∞–Ω–¥–æ–π. –û–¥–Ω–∞–∫–æ –æ–∑—ë—Ä–∞, –º–æ—Ä—è –∏ –≤–ø–∞–¥–∏–Ω—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Ä–∞—Å–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω—ã –≤–¥–æ–ª—å –ª–∏–Ω–∏–∏ —Ä–∞–∑–ª–æ–º–∞, –¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å–Ω–æ —á—ë—Ç–∫–æ –æ–±–æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞—é—Ç –µ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ—Ö–æ–∂–¥–µ–Ω–∏–µ.

Африканский разлом — уникальная экосистема. Это и колыбель человечества, и заповедник дикой природы, и живописных ландшафтов. Но самое удивительное — это то, что огромная трещина на поверхности Земли находится в постоянном движении, по мере которого море отвоёвывает всё большее пространство у суши.

–ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ –∏ –µ–≥–æ –æ–∫—Ä–µ—Å—Ç–Ω–æ—Å—Ç–∏

–ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ ‚Äî —Å—Ç–æ–ª–∏—Ü–∞ –ö–µ–Ω–∏–∏, –æ–¥–∏–Ω –∏–∑ —Å–∞–º—ã—Ö –≤–∞–∂–Ω—ã—Ö –∫–æ–º–º–µ—Ä—á–µ—Å–∫–∏—Ö —Ü–µ–Ω—Ç—Ä–æ–≤ –Ω–∞ –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞–Ω—Å–∫–æ–º –∫–æ–Ω—Ç–∏–Ω–µ–Ω—Ç–µ. –ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ ‚Äî —ç—Ç–æ —Å–∞–º—ã–π –±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–π –≥–æ—Ä–æ–¥ –º–µ–∂–¥—É –ö–µ–π–ø—Ç–∞—É–Ω–æ–º –∏ –ö–∞–∏—Ä–æ–º: –µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞—Å–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ¬† —Å–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç 1,5 –º–∏–ª–ª–∏–æ–Ω–∞ —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫, –Ω–æ –ø—Ä–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ü–µ–Ω—Ç—Ä –≥–æ—Ä–æ–¥–∞ –ø–æ –º–µ–∂–¥—É–Ω–∞—Ä–æ–¥–Ω—ã–º —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–¥–∞—Ä—Ç–∞–º –¥–æ–≤–æ–ª—å–Ω–æ –º–∞–ª–µ–Ω—å–∫–∏–π ‚Äî –µ–≥–æ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–æ–π—Ç–∏ –≤–¥–æ–ª—å –∏ –ø–æ–ø–µ—Ä—ë–∫ –∑–∞ 20 –º–∏–Ω—É—Ç.
–ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ ‚Äî –∂–∏–≤–æ–π –≥–æ—Ä–æ–¥ —Å –∫–æ—Å–º–æ–ø–æ–ª–∏—Ç–∏—á–Ω–æ–π –∞—Ç–º–æ—Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–æ–π, –Ω–æ –í–∞—Å –≤—Å—ë —Ä–∞–≤–Ω–æ –Ω–µ –ø–æ–∫–∏–¥–∞–µ—Ç –æ—â—É—â–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —á—Ç–æ —ç—Ç–æ ‚Äî –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–∞!

–°–∞–º–æ –Ω–∞–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –∏–∑ —è–∑—ã–∫–∞ –º–∞—Å–∞–µ–≤ –∏ –±—É–∫–≤–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç ‚Äú–ø–æ—Ç–æ–∫ –ø—Ä–æ—Ö–ª–∞–¥–Ω–æ–π –≤–æ–¥—ã‚Äù. –ì–æ—Ä–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–Ω–∏–∫ –æ–∫–æ–ª–æ –≤–µ–∫–∞ –Ω–∞–∑–∞–¥, –∏ –µ–≥–æ –ø–æ—è–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ —Å–æ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å—Å—Ç–≤–æ–º –∂–µ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–æ–π –¥–æ—Ä–æ–≥–∏, —Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω—è—é—â–µ–π –£–≥–∞–Ω–¥—É —Å –ø–æ–±–µ—Ä–µ–∂—å–µ–º –ò–Ω–¥–∏–π—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ –æ–∫–µ–∞–Ω–∞. –í 1905 –≥–æ–¥—É –ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç–æ–ª–∏—Ü–µ–π –ë—Ä–∏—Ç–∞–Ω—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ –ü—Ä–æ—Ç–µ–∫—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—Ç–∞ –≤ –í–æ—Å—Ç–æ—á–Ω–æ–π –ê—Ñ—Ä–∏–∫–µ (–≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –ú–æ–º–±–∞—Å—ã). –≠—Ç–∞ —Ç–µ—Ä—Ä–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∏—è —Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞ –Ω–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–ª–∞—Å—å –ö–µ–Ω–∏–π—Å–∫–æ–π –∫–æ–ª–æ–Ω–∏–µ–π. –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ –æ–±—Ä–µ—Ç–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–µ–∑–∞–≤–∏—Å–∏–º–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –≤ 1963 –≥–æ–¥—É –ù–∞–π—Ä–æ–±–∏ —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç–æ–ª–∏—Ü–µ–π –Ω–µ–∑–∞–≤–∏—Å–∏–º–æ–≥–æ –≥–æ—Å—É–¥–∞—Ä—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –ö–µ–Ω–∏–∏.